Synonyms: duchtig, hard, streng
| Part of speech | adjective |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | /strɑf/ |
| Hyphenation | straf |
| Afrikaans | streng |
|---|---|
| Catalan | sever |
| Czech | přísný; strohý; krutý |
| English | austere; stern; severe |
| Esperanto | severa |
| Faeroese | strangur; harður |
| Finnish | ankara |
| French | sévère; austère |
| German | streng |
| Italian | severo |
| Latin | acerbus; austerus; severus |
| Polish | ostry; srogi |
| Portuguese | austero; rígido; rigoroso; severo |
| Saterland Frisian | strom; häd |
| Spanish | adusto; inclemente; severo |
| West Frisian | string |